زمان کار - یک عنصر کلیدی از بهداشت کارگران، ابزار انعطاف پذیری بازار کار. وضعیت نظام سلامت

With its devastating effects and decreasing profitability, the economic crisis pushes employers to ask more from workers, for the same salary. From this derives flexibility, exemptions, waivers and national options to elude the common rules established by the European legislative act. The Directive can be both a guardian for the workers, but also a tool to streamline business through crisis conditions.This paper aims to analyze the impact of the recession, on the actual time worked by employees in the EU, with the major repercussions on the employees’ health and on the other hand the labor market flexibility and competitiveness. Also, special attention is given to the working time analysis in the health sector, especially for doctors in training and those who perform excess guards. Romanian doctors havea “Soviet-style” working program mentioningthat some guards exceed 30 hours. This article proposes an analysis of various member states on the following aspects: pattern of work, tendency towards a non-stop society; relativity quantification of working time, overtime rewarding; correlations between the conclusions of the European Commission and the economic crisis.

The European economy is still struggling to get out of the deepest recession that has occurred in recent decades. The recession has caused a significant economic decline, with millions of job losses and a significant pressure on public finances, causingeven greater fiscal constraints among the member states. Due to its devastating effects and decreasing profitability, the economic default pushes the employer to demand more from their workers than ever before at the same salary. This generates more and more flexibilities, exemptions, waivers and national options for evading the common rules established by the European Norms. Therefore, the Directive may be both a guardian for theworkers health state as well as an instrument for increasing business profitability duringthe crisis.Further developments of the EU labor market, which resisted pretty well during the recession in 2008 and 2009, that began to create new jobs at the end of 2010, have deteriorated significantly and differ considerably from one country to another. Many advanced economies tried to bring the out of work workers back into the labor market by creating new jobs, but they failed. The consequences of the recession are causing more and more concerns about the highunemploymentrates. In order to get workers back into the labor market, since May 2009, EGF (European Globalization Adjustment Fund) has become a fight - back instrument against the crisis.

So the EU Directive can be both aguarant for the workers’ health and safety, but also a tool to streamline the business in crisis conditions. While the Government reduces the number of its employees and their salary levelscreating new jobs. Sixteen member states considered that implementing the directive has had an overall positive impact, offering a higher level of protection for workers and a more simplified national legislation which became more effective, providing legal protection extended to previously excluded groups. However, eleven Member States considered that the acquis on-emergency medical services and compensatory rest would have a significant negative impact, creating technical difficulties in organizing the working time, especially in services that operate around the clock, such as the healthcare system.